Multitasking is now every presenter's problem

Multitasking occurs in face-to-face conferences as well as webinars.

I’ve finally got round to reading Click, Bill Tancer’s brilliant expose of our secret lives as revealed through our online searches. I was interested in Bill’s observation about modern conference events:

“With the pervasiveness of wireless hot spots and laptops that have built-in wireless capability, conference audiences have turned keynotes into multitasking events, half-listening to presentations while simultaneously answering email and browsing the web.”

What struck me is how the gap is narrowing between face-to-face and online events. You could usually rely on a fully attentive audience face-to-face while bemoaning the ease with which multitasking occurs online. The reality is that the same phenomenon is now occuring in each setting. This is not to suggest that multitasking (or rapid switching between tasks, which is really what is happening) is an evil that is spreading and needs to be stamped out. Multitasking – assuming that the audience is not blogging or tweeting about the presentation, which is a positive sign of even more focused attention – is an exertion of people power. I’ll do what I want when I want. If you can grab my attention and hold it then good for you. If not, then there’s plenty more I can be doing with my time.
Is there a limit? To my mind yes. I cannot tolerate laptops and phones in use during workshops and other highly participative learning events – it’s an insult to all concerned, and if you as facilitator don’t deal with it, other members of the group surely will.

Could the star system apply to live online events?

Predicts that now we can have our conferences online, the top speakers in the world will take all the best speaking slots.

Webinars provide an opportunity for experts to share their thoughts and experiences with a wide audience. They can also do this through face-to-face conferences, but are limited in their reach by geography. The cost of flying an expert over and then putting them up while they recover from the jet lag and do a little sightseeing is often prohibitive. The result is lots of second division experts, who live more locally, filling in to deliver similar expertise.
Online, of course, the situation is quite different. The limitations on using the first divison expert are much reduced. You’re paying for a couple of hours at most, rather than a week away and all those expenses. Even if the top expert has an extortionate hourly rate (and if you’re one of them then why not?) then they are likely to be affordable.
So, what was once a very localised business can become centralised and a star system can operate, as in films, TV, books and sports. The division one players get most of the business and attract celebrity status. Those in division two pick up the scraps.
The same can apply to live online learning events as it does to webinars, but here there is a moderating factor. Whereas you can run a webinar for practically any size audience, a learning event is likely to run for 16 people or less. And division one teachers and trainers only have so many hours in the day, leaving plenty of scope for others. So, where the star system will operate most noticeably is with presentations, whether live or recorded. The world is becoming a much smaller place, and that makes it easier for the powerful to become more so.

Live online learning is the bridge

Argues that live online learning is a good place to start when introducing e-learning into an organisation.

If there is widespread resistance to the idea of self-paced e-learning, you could consider using live online learning as a bridge. When you move from instructor-led interventions in the classroom to self-paced content accessed online, you are making two major changes at once: not only are you shifting the medium (from face-to-face to online) you are making an even more substantial change to the method (from instructor-led to self-paced learning). This could be inappropriate for several reasons:

  • The contrast between old and new could be too much for employees to cope with at once.
  • You have two change programmes to manage at once: you have all the cultural issues associated with the change in method, and the technical issues related to the use of new technology.
  • Your l&d professionals are likely to be completely out-of-sorts with such a stark change in their skillset.

So, a better strategy for increasing the use of online learning could look like this:

  • Introduce web conferencing as a way to top and tail what are substantially classroom-based interventions. Run a welcome session a week or two before the face-to-face event, and run a wrap-up session a few weeks after the event.
  • Gradually introduce more asynchronous online activities between the welcome session and the event (some reading, videos, podcasts, web research, perhaps a questionnaire), and similarly between the event and the wrap-up.
  • Consider removing the face-to-face event as the centrepiece if it not essential, and replacing this with more live online sessions, some structured e-learning and increasingly some collaborative online activities using forums, wikis, etc.

Note that I’m not suggesting that you select methods or media inappropriately in order to manipulate a process of transformation; of course, it must also make sense to carry out an activity online rather than face-to-face or asynchronously rather than synchronously. But there are many instances in the design of blended solutions in which there are multiple options which would do the job equivalently. In these circumstances you have the opportunity to edge the organisation nearer to familiarity and comfort with online approaches.

Coming to terms with live online learning

Back on September 1st, I posted the following over at the Clive on Learning blog:
I think we know what to call a business meeting that’s held online (an online meeting?) and we’re happy with the term for an online lecture/presentation (a webinar of course), but we’re bamboozled when it comes to live online learning. I’ve recently been reading through all the literature I can fins on the topic, and this has highlighted just how many terms we have to cover this seemingly simple idea:

  • The virtual classroom (was the established term, at least in the UK, but by no means universal; doesn’t really describe what’s going on here, i.e. a live event).
  • Remote instructor-led training (not a bad term, but the words ‘instructor’ and ‘training’ don’t cross-over well into educational settings, and imply a certain pedagogy even within workplace learning).
  • Synchronous online communications for learning (this is the term that Xyleme used to describe the podcast I just made with them; it’s not bad, but I’ve yet to meet a learning and development professional outside the e-learning field who even knows what the word ‘synchronous’ means, let alone it’s implications for learning).
  • Synchronous training.
  • Synchronous teaching and learning online.
  • Synchronous e-learning.
  • Webinar (many people use this term generically to apply to learning events as well as presentations).
  • Webex (its ubiquity, particularly in large corporates, means that more people know what it means to hold a Webex session than a virtual classroom or a synchronous event).

So what term do you use currently and what term would you recommend we use in future. Help required.
Here’s what I got back:
Kolja Schönfeld said: I have two new terms for your collection: virtual instructor-led training and webcast. In our company we use most of the time the term ‘virtual classroom’.
cynan said: Yes indeed. Dealing with this right now you know, with the perspective of using a term that makes sense across our organisation, not within a field of e-learning boffins too! ‘Webinar’ seems to get people intrigued (even if it does tend to cloud the issue with all those one-way sales pitches on t’internet). Quite boringly, ‘live online training’ often seems a pretty good second.
Richard said: I like ‘live e-learning’ – it’s succint, trips off the tongue reasonably well, and everybody can identify with what a ‘live’ experience is – live music being the obvious comparison one can make.
Mark Kirkwood said: Its a good question. I have always been pretty comfortable with ‘Live Learning’ or ‘Live Online Learning’. For someone new to the concept, both terms make them curious about the difference between them and ILT.
Colin Steed said: My vote, from the Hazlemere, Bucks Jury goes to Live Online Learning (it does what it says in language we all understand). Oh, and I loathe the term Webinar (for some reason I cannot explain) and at the Institute of IT Training we use Webcast.
Meri said: Clive, I don’t know why you don’t just call it ‘live online learning.’ I regularly call live, online learning events ‘multimedia dialogue.’ But when I say that I’m referring to a specific type of live online learning event where all parties can and do engage together in the meeting/classroom. These kinds of learning opportunities are still rare, but my business is to make them less so 😉 Because of the way the first virtual classroom/meeting room platforms were engineered, many folks (myself included) already understand a ‘webinar’ to be mostly a one-way presentation (with maybe a poll or some chat available to attendees during their mostly passive experience). It’s a shame the waters have already been polluted on ‘webinar,’ but it seems to me they have.
LauraLJ said: It is a tricky one isn’t it. After reading the responses so far, my vote is ‘live (or real-time) online learning’. It does exactly what it says on the tin. I have used ‘virtual classroom’ but that never sat well with me as this doesn’t say ‘live / real-time’. I agree with Colin that ‘Webinar’ sticks in the throat. I think, for me anyway, this means ‘listen to me talk for an hour or so’ rather than actual learning through interaction and activities.
Thanks everybody. My conclusion? ‘Live online learning’ is the one for me.

3D video conferencing

Brings together a number of news items about 3D video conferencing.

George Siemens laments how video conferencing doesn’t provide you with all the visual cues you would like:
“It’s tough presenting to a conference when you, as the presenter, lack visual cues. Sure, you can see the people seated around tables, you can see the layout of the room, but if it’s a larger group, you miss the important communication signals of eye contact, raised eyebrows…or people falling asleep. Video conferencing with smaller groups does allow for transition of greater detail (a smile, confused look), but it doesn’t allow for eye contact. Contact is with the camera. Tracking eye movement is important for feeling connected with others.”
George points to this video about ‘HeadSPIN: A One-to-Many 3D Video Teleconferencing System’. According to the blurb, “This installation presents a 3D teleconferencing system that enables true eye contact between a three-dimensionally transmitted subject and multiple participants in an audience. The system is able to reproduce the effects of gaze, attention, and eye contact not available in traditional teleconferencing systems.”
This week’s Economist also picked up on the potential for applying new 3D imaging technologies to video conferencing. In 3D – It’s nearly there, the Economist reports how Accenture “has equipped two non-adjacent rooms at its research centre in Sophia Antipolis, France, with cameras so that a wall-mounted screen in each one serves as a window into the other. It is now using 3-D displays to allow people to ‘share’ objects and data between the two rooms.”
The article also describes the Eyeliner projection system devised by Musion, a company based in London. The system “projects high-definition video onto nearly transparent screens made of very thin foil, in a modern updating of the old ‘Pepper’s ghost’ stage illusion. The effect, for viewers a few metres away, is a lifelike, full-sized 3-D moving image of a person that appears to float in space, without any visible screen.” Apparently. the technology has been used by Al Gore, Bill Gates, Prince Charles and other celebrities to appear on stage at conferences without being physically present. See the video.
Sell those BA shares while you can.

How long does it take to develop one hour of training?

Examines the results of a US survey on the time taken to create an hour of live e-learning.

People often ask how long it takes to develop one hour of self-study e-learning. The answers vary wildly, from under 50 hours to more than 300, depending on the amount of research that is needed, the complexity of the interactions, the richness of the media, the capabilities of the authoring tool, and the experience of the designer. These figures nearly always surprise people, because they wouldn’t normally spend anywhere near this time developing for the classroom. However, because they have to stand alone, self-study materials are notoriously hard to develop and they can only therefore make economic sense when there’s a reasonably large audience of users. The estimates are also open to question on the basis that self-pacing is, by definition, variable – what’s one hour for one learner, is 20 minutes for a second, and 2 hours for a third.
However, with live online learning, the concept of ‘one hour of e-learning’ really does make sense. An hour is an hour is an hour. That’s why I was interested to read the analysis by Karl Kapp (see Time to Develop One Hour of Training):
“In 2003, the low estimate for developing one hour of instructor-led, web-based training delivery (using software such as Centra, Adobe Connect, or WebEx) was 30 hours and the high estimate was 80 hours. In 2009, the low estimate is 49 and the high estimate 89. Both higher. Is it taking us longer to develop e-learning than it did six years ago?”
These figures are low compared with self-paced e-learning but higher than I would have expected. I can’t quite see why it takes 1-2 working weeks to assemble a really good hour of training. Am I missing something here? What’s your experience?

Podcast: Clive Shepherd on synchronous online communications for learning

Links to a new podcast by Clive Shepherd.

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Xyleme Inc has just released this podcast in which I attempt to answer the following questions:

  • Why is real-time online communication so hot right now?
  • What does an organisation gain or lose when they switch from face-to-face to online communication?
  • Why communicate live when you have the option of self-pacing?
  • Is it possible for synchronous communication stand alone as an intervention?
  • How are we doing so far in our use of synchronous communications?
  • What does it take to facilitate a successful online event?

Thanks to Dawn Poulos for hosting the podcast so ably.

Cisco shows the way with TelePresence

Extract from The Economist showing Cisco’s use of its own Telepresence technology.


This week’s Economist contains an interesting feature on Cisco. In Reshaping Cisco: The world according to Chambers, the article reports on Cisco’s own prolific use of it’s top-end video conferencing tool TelePresence:
“The firm—to borrow a choice Silicon Valley expression—eats a lot of its own dog food: digital tools that allow cheap and efficient communication. These include wikis, social networking and web-based collaboration services, of course. But the most important tool is TelePresence, so that nuances such as body language and tone of voice, essential ingredients of face-to-face meetings, are no longer lost. The number of TelePresence meetings at Cisco averages 5,500 a week. This has also helped the firm to cut its annual travel budget by $290m, or more than half.”

Edufire – live video learning

Reviews the live online video site Edufire.

edufire
Edufire provides a very different take on synchronous online learning. This new site brings together teachers and students for webcam-based online classes. These could be on any subject imaginable, but right now the majority are for language learning.
As a teacher, you set your own price and EduFire takes 15% of the sales. Sounds like a good deal to me and the exact reverse of the usual royalties you’d expect from a book publisher.
In true Web 2.0 style, the teachers are rated, so demand for the good ones (and presumably the price) will increase, while the poor teachers will look in vain for somewhere to hide.

Pecha-kucha online

Proposes the Pecha-kucha format for webinar presentations.

In reading Garr Reynold’s excellent Presentation Zen, I came across a great idea for webinars called Pecha-kucha. Apparently, Pecha-kucha (Japanese for chatter) was started in 2003 by Tokyo expatriate architects Mark Dytham and Astrid Klein as an alternative presentation format. Each speaker has 20 slides, each of which must be shown for 20 seconds, with which to tell their story or make their point. The slides advance automatically and so after 6 minutes and 40 seconds you’re done.
According to Reynolds, Pecha-kucha nights are now being held in over 80 cities around the world. I reckon a Pecha-kucha hour would work just great as the basis for a webinar.
Now all I’ve got to work out is how to pronounce it.